Improvement in hot-blast ovens



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AUGUSTA AMELIA PLAYER AND HENRY MOALLIsrEn SYLVANIA, ADMINISTRATORS OF JOHN PLAYER, DEOEASED.

Letters Patent No.. 103,651, dated May 31, l870.

Y To all whomit may concern:

Be it known that JOHN PLAYER, deceased, sometime of Norton, near Stockton-on-Tees, in the county of Durham, in England, and a subject of the kingdom of Great Britain, late of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, was in his lifetime the inventor of certain new and useful Improvements in HotfBlastOve-ns, of which 'improvements the following is a specication.

The invention herein specified is more especially designed for and adapted to charcoal furnaces blown by ventilators or fans, and its objects are to secure durability, cheapness in construction, large area of heatingssnrface .in comparison with the weight of metal employed, large sectional arca of the blast heating-pipes, non-liabihtyrto get out of order, and economy.

in heating the pipes, with :a comparatively small consumptionof gases, by insuring their more perfect combustion.

The improvements herein claimed consist- First, in combining with the oven a central fine, through which the hot gases are conducted into the oven above the pipes in which the blast is heated, in-

stead of being discharged directly against the bottom of these pipes, as heretofore has been the rule.

Second, in combining with the uppeg partof said central luerpipes which extend 'outside of the oven, and throughlwhieh atmospheric air is blown or drawn into the central due, the air thus blown or drawn'in, becomingrheated during its lpassage to the central ue, and there being mingled with the heated gases passing up the tine into the chamber above it, causing saidV gases to burst into dame at this point and pro` duce an intense heat.

.,Thiid, in combining with 'the central vflue, an exitiue, arranged below the blast-chests, so as to draw the dame and exhausted gases downward amongA the air-heating'pipes, and discharge them beneath the blast-chests into the chimney.

Fourth, in combining with the central line, a series of lblast-heating pipes, and suitable blast-chests, arranged around said flue, as hereinafter described.

Fifth, in combining with a central flue, which discharges the hot gases into a chamber in or near the top of the oven, blast-heating Siphon-pipes, having 'their tops covered with fire-brick, or other refractory material, to prevent the burning ofthe pipes by the dire/ct impingement of the burning gases.

Sixth, in combining an' oven having a combustionchamber at its top, a central iiue discharging hot gases into said chamber, air-pipes passing through said oven, and discharging atmospheric air into said flue near. its top, blast-heating Siphon-pipes arranged around said central iue, and an exit-pipe or iiue for the products of combustion, arranged beneath the .blast-chests, for the purposes hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawing of the improved oven herein claimed- Figure l is an elevation; l x

Figure 2, a vert-ical central section through the line a: a: vof iig. 1 g and 4 Figure 3, a horizontal section through the line y y of fig. l. l

The shell A of the oven rests on a base, B, which also supports the blast-chests O C', into which the blast heating-pipes are-inserted. 1

These pipes are of a peculiar form, each pipe being composed of two straight tuhcsd dl, connected at top by a box, di, iig. 2, of Ea sectional area greater than that of the tubes. By this Inode of' construction, the

box serves to alter' the" direction of the current of air iowing through the pipesyand also enables the constructor to use straight tubes, which is an advantage, as these tubes can be cast vert-ical, and with the corebarrel projecting at each end, as water-pipes are usually cast.l which process insures a uniform thickness of metal throughout the'tubes,'and thus renders them more durable than if made'of varying thickness.

The tops of these boxes are covered with slabs of fire-brick, or other like refractory material, for which arrangement their flat surface affords great facility, and the boxes are thus protected against injury from the intense. heat-towhich they are subjected.

The blast-chests O. C are respectively sc micircularv segments of two annular troughs or boxes, rectangular in their cross-sections.

Each chest is divided by a vertical partition into two compartments or chambers concentric with the central ue.

' They are likewise divided respectively by vertical transverse partitions into sections or compartments `el e2, as shown in iig. 3. i

With these chests the tubes or siphon blast-pipes are connected by the well-known spigot and faucet joints, and caulked with iron rust-joints, the relations of the-respective legs of each of the siphons to the respective compartments of each of the chests being, as is usual, such that the traverse of the blast maybe through the tubes in the ordinary manner, for example, as shown iu this instance7 the blast enters the blast-chests through pipes E E', and passes through the compartment el into and up the tubes d into the boxes d2, .and thence down the tubes d1 into the coinpartment e2 of thc blast-chests, whence itagain ascend's, other tubes opening into that compartment,y

and again descends into the compartment in which the next tubes open, and so passing through all the pipes of its series, is finally conducted from the blast- ,.JR, on PHILADELPHIA, PENN- Y chest to the furnace in the ordinary manner through in fig. 2.

As the heated gases are about to escape'from this due into the combustion-chamber, they are mingled with atmospheric air blown ordra'wn in through pipes L, passing through the walls ofthe oven and entering the flue near its top. v

These pipes may be inclined upward, so that the air escaping from tlem may create a strong upward draught in the flue.

As the pipes L pass through the oven, the air entering the flue becomes highly heated. This mingling of air with the gases causes them to burst into ame immediately above the Hue, and, ashingout against the top of the combustion-chamber, the dames are reverberated downward upon' and among the pipes, which are thus highly heated.

The dome-shape of the combustion-chamber, together with the velocity with which the ascending current moves, causes the flame and gases to descend close to the walls Aof the oven, as-welll as to fill the spacel around the pipes until they are eventually drawn between the inner rows of pipes into an annular chamber, I, surrounding -the central flue, and thence escape into a proper chimney through a flue, K, beneath the blast-chests.

It is purposed sometimes, if found necessary, to ignite the gases at the bottom of the central `flue H by fire, the combustion of which may be supported by ne, conductingand discharging the hotgases into the upper part of the oven, substantially as set forth. 2. The combination, with the central flue, of the air-pipes near its upper end, substantially as hereinbefore set forth. y

3. The combination of the central flue, the blast Y heating-pipes, and the exitue, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

4. The combination, with the central ue, of the blast-'chests and' blast-heating pipes arranged around said ue, substantially as hereinbefore set forth. 5. The'relative arrangement of a central flue, siphon-blast heating-pipes, and re-brick, or like 4refractory material, to protect the tops o f the pipes from injury, as described.

6. The combination of the central due, thc combustion-chamber, the air-pipes, the blast heating-pipes, and the exit-flue, substantially as hereinbet'ore set fort-h.

AUGUSTA AMELIA PLAYER, HENRYNIGALLISTER, JR., Adlm'nistrators of JOHN PLAYER, deceased. Witnesses WM. B. DAYTON, J. SNoWDnN BELL. 

